素體詩(blank verse),英語格律詩的一種。由揚(yáng)抑格五音步寫成,每行用五個(gè)長(zhǎng)短格音步--十個(gè)音節(jié)組成,每首行數(shù)不拘,不押韻。

外文名

blank verse

英文解釋

blank verse: is the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.

例詩欣賞

1、莎士比亞的劇作大部分由素體詩寫成,如《如愿》中第二幕第七景以下詩行:

All the world’s a stage,

And all the men and women, merely players;

They have their exits and their entrances,

And one man in his time plays many parts,

His Acts being seven ages. At first the infant,

Mewling, and puking in the nurse’s arms:

(Shakespeare: As You Like It, Act II, Scene 7)

整個(gè)世界是一座舞臺(tái),

所有的男男女女不過是演員罷了:

他們有上場(chǎng);有下場(chǎng)法;

一個(gè)人一生扮演好幾種角色,

他一生的情節(jié)共分七個(gè)時(shí)期。

最初是嬰孩,在保姆的懷里號(hào)啼嘔吐。(梁實(shí)秋 譯)

2、彌爾頓的史詩《失樂園》也是用素體寫成的,如一開始的第27行至第33行:

Say first—for heaven hides nothing from thy view,

Nor the deep tract of Hell—say first what cause

Moved our grand Parensts, in that happy state,

Favoured of Heaven so highly, to fall off

From their Creator, and transgress his will

For one restraint, lords of the World besides.

Who first seduced them to that foul revolt?

(John Milton: The Paradise Lost)

請(qǐng)先說,天界和地獄深淵,

在您的眼中,一切都了如指掌;

請(qǐng)先講,為什么我們的始祖,

在那樣的樂土,得天惠那樣獨(dú)厚,

除了那唯一的禁令以外,他倆

本是世界的主宰;竟背叛而自絕于

他們的創(chuàng)造主?當(dāng)初是誰引誘

他們犯下這不幸的忤逆呢?(朱維之 譯)

3、華茲華斯講述自己心靈成長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)詩《序曲》,同樣也是用素體寫成的,如第三卷的開始詩節(jié):

It was a dreary Morning when the Wheels

Rolled over a wide plain o’erhung with clouds,

And nothing cheered our way till first we saw

The long-roof’d Chapel of King’s College lift

Turrets, and pinnacles in answering files,

Extended high above a dusky grove.

(William Wordsworth: The Prelude, Book Third)

那是個(gè)凄涼的早晨,車輪在烏云

籠罩的平原上滾動(dòng),一路上我們

無精打采,直至見國(guó)王學(xué)院的

長(zhǎng)行禮拜堂從一片昏暗的樹林中

徐徐托出它的塔樓與尖頂,

它們縱列成行,相互呼應(yīng)。(丁宏為 譯)

素體詩